Energy
Interconnection and decarbonization.
Grid Interconnection
Which shared network upgrade should the cycle fund, and which projects does it carry?
A renewable developer holds seven named projects and can advance only a few of them into the next two interconnection cluster windows. Four sit behind a $42M substation rebuild; two sit behind a $95M line rebuild; one is a repower that reuses existing interconnection rights and needs no upgrade at all. Each window admits two projects and can absorb a fixed amount of new capacity. One project’s permit does not land until the second window; another’s power purchase agreement expires if it misses the first.
RetrofitsBuilding Decarbonization
Which mix meets the emissions target at the lowest cost once the cheap retrofits hit their installation limits?
A commercial building portfolio uses 6,000 MWh a year and must hit a science-based emissions target of about 500 tonnes CO₂ a year. The cheapest abatement, efficiency retrofits, is limited, as are heat-pump installation capacity and rooftop solar. Gas is cheap but carbon-heavy; green power is clean but costs more per MWh. The question is the least-cost mix that meets the target within those physical caps.