Energy

Building Decarbonization

Which mix meets the emissions target at the lowest cost once the cheap retrofits hit their installation limits?

A commercial building portfolio uses 6,000 MWh a year and must hit a science-based emissions target of about 500 tonnes CO₂ a year. The cheapest abatement, efficiency retrofits, is limited, as are heat-pump installation capacity and rooftop solar. Gas is cheap but carbon-heavy; green power is clean but costs more per MWh. The question is the least-cost mix that meets the target within those physical caps.